COMM YAML source
code: COMM
biber_number: M55
xiao_number: B40
mfte_code: COMM
bohmann_number: 103
name: Communication verbs
definition: >-
Verbs of speech and communication: say, tell, ask, write, explain, speak, answer,
etc.
normalization: finite_verbs
detection:
- source: mfte
requires:
- word
- pos
cql: '[word={words} & pos="VB.*"]'
words:
- accuse
- accused
- accuses
- accusing
- acknowledge
- acknowledged
- acknowledges
- acknowledging
- address
- addressed
- addresses
- addressing
- admit
- admits
- admitted
- admitting
- advise
- advised
- advises
- advising
- agree
- agreed
- agreeing
- agrees
- announce
- announced
- announces
- announcing
- answer
- answered
- answering
- answers
- appeal
- appealed
- appealing
- appeals
- argue
- argued
- argues
- arguing
- ask
- asked
- asking
- asks
- assert
- asserted
- asserting
- asserts
- assure
- assured
- assures
- assuring
- beg
- begged
- begging
- begs
- call
- called
- calling
- calls
- challenge
- challenged
- challenges
- challenging
- claim
- claimed
- claiming
- claims
- command
- commanded
- commanding
- commands
- complain
- complained
- complaining
- complains
- confide
- confided
- confides
- confiding
- consult
- consulted
- consulting
- consults
- convince
- convinced
- convinces
- convincing
- declare
- declared
- declares
- declaring
- demand
- demanded
- demanding
- demands
- denied
- denies
- deny
- denying
- describe
- described
- describes
- describing
- disagree
- disagreed
- disagreeing
- disagrees
- discuss
- discussed
- discusses
- discussing
- emphasise
- emphasised
- emphasises
- emphasising
- emphasize
- emphasized
- emphasizes
- emphasizing
- encourage
- encouraged
- encourages
- encouraging
- excuse
- excused
- excuses
- excusing
- explain
- explained
- explaining
- explains
- express
- expressed
- expresses
- expressing
- inform
- informed
- informing
- informs
- insist
- insisted
- insisting
- insists
- invite
- invited
- invites
- inviting
- mean
- meaning
- means
- meant
- mention
- mentioned
- mentioning
- mentions
- object
- objected
- objects
- offer
- offered
- offering
- offers
- persuade
- persuaded
- persuades
- persuading
- phone
- phoned
- phones
- phoning
- plead
- pleaded
- pleading
- pleads
- pledge
- pledged
- pledges
- pledging
- pray
- prayed
- praying
- prays
- promise
- promised
- promises
- promising
- propose
- proposed
- proposes
- proposing
- question
- questioned
- questioning
- questions
- quote
- quoted
- quotes
- quoting
- recommend
- recommended
- recommending
- recommends
- remark
- remarked
- remarking
- remarks
- replied
- replies
- reply
- replying
- report
- reported
- reporting
- reports
- respond
- responded
- responding
- responds
- said
- sang
- say
- saying
- says
- shout
- shouted
- shouting
- shouts
- sign
- signed
- signing
- signs
- sing
- singing
- sings
- speak
- speaking
- speaks
- specified
- specifies
- specify
- specifying
- spoke
- spoken
- state
- stated
- states
- stating
- suggest
- suggested
- suggesting
- suggests
- sung
- swear
- swearing
- swears
- swore
- sworn
- talk
- talked
- talking
- talks
- taught
- teach
- teaches
- teaching
- tell
- telling
- tells
- testified
- testifies
- testify
- testifying
- thank
- thanked
- thanking
- thanks
- threaten
- threatened
- threatening
- threatens
- told
- urge
- urged
- urges
- urging
- vow
- vowed
- vowing
- vows
- warn
- warned
- warning
- warns
- welcome
- welcomed
- welcomes
- welcoming
- whisper
- whispered
- whispering
- whispers
- write
- writes
- writing
- written
- wrote
- source: pybiber
requires:
- word
- pos
cql: '[word={words} & pos="VB.*"]'
words:
- acknowledge
- acknowledged
- acknowledges
- acknowledging
- add
- added
- adding
- adds
- admit
- admits
- admitted
- admitting
- affirm
- affirmed
- affirming
- affirms
- agree
- agreed
- agreeing
- agrees
- allege
- alleged
- alleges
- alleging
- announce
- announced
- announces
- announcing
- argue
- argued
- argues
- arguing
- assert
- asserted
- asserting
- asserts
- bet
- bets
- betting
- boast
- boasted
- boasting
- boasts
- certified
- certifies
- certify
- certifying
- claim
- claimed
- claiming
- claims
- comment
- commented
- commenting
- comments
- complain
- complained
- complaining
- complains
- concede
- conceded
- concedes
- conceding
- confess
- confessed
- confesses
- confessing
- confide
- confided
- confides
- confiding
- confirm
- confirmed
- confirming
- confirms
- contend
- contended
- contending
- contends
- convey
- conveyed
- conveying
- conveys
- declare
- declared
- declares
- declaring
- denied
- denies
- deny
- denying
- disclose
- disclosed
- discloses
- disclosing
- exclaim
- exclaimed
- exclaiming
- exclaims
- explain
- explained
- explaining
- explains
- forecast
- forecasted
- forecasting
- forecasts
- foretell
- foretelling
- foretells
- foretold
- guarantee
- guaranteed
- guaranteeing
- guarantees
- hint
- hinted
- hinting
- hints
- insist
- insisted
- insisting
- insists
- maintain
- maintained
- maintaining
- maintains
- mention
- mentioned
- mentioning
- mentions
- object
- objected
- objecting
- objects
- predict
- predicted
- predicting
- predicts
- proclaim
- proclaimed
- proclaiming
- proclaims
- promise
- promised
- promises
- promising
- pronounce
- pronounced
- pronounces
- pronouncing
- prophesied
- prophesies
- prophesy
- prophesying
- protest
- protested
- protesting
- protests
- remark
- remarked
- remarking
- remarks
- repeat
- repeated
- repeating
- repeats
- replied
- replies
- reply
- replying
- report
- reported
- reporting
- reports
- said
- say
- saying
- says
- state
- stated
- states
- stating
- submit
- submits
- submitted
- submitting
- suggest
- suggested
- suggesting
- suggests
- swear
- swearing
- swears
- swore
- sworn
- testified
- testifies
- testify
- testifying
- vow
- vowed
- vowing
- vows
- warn
- warned
- warning
- warns
- write
- writes
- writing
- written
- wrote
sources:
- biber_1988
- mfte
- pybiber
- xiao_2009
- grieve_2023
- bohmann_2019
notes: >-
Biber's "public verbs" (tell, say, explain) maps closely to MFTE's communication
verbs.
examples:
- text: Describe it to your partner and _say_ why.
source: le_foll_2024
- text: _Write_ a list.
source: le_foll_2024
- text: _Say_ what these words mean.
source: le_foll_2024