CONC Concessive conjunctions

Biber H36 MFTE CONC

Definition

Conjunctions expressing concession: although, despite, nevertheless, however, etc.

Detection Rules

mfte

MFTE concessive conjunctions. Single words plus multi-word patterns: even if, except that, granted that/comma, regardless/irregardless of. Sequential retagging means some tokens (yet, still) may be consumed by earlier features (TIME).

p1 
cql[word={words}]
p2 
cql[word="even" & pos="RB"] [word="if"]
p3 
cql[word="except"] [word="that"]
combine: p1 | p2 | p3
Word list (9 items)
albeit although despite nevertheless nonetheless notwithstanding tho though whereas

Requires: word, pos

pybiber

cql[word={words} & pos="IN"]
Word list (3 items)
although tho though

Requires: word, pos

Normalization

Per finite_verbs

Examples

Even though the antigens are normally hidden...

Source: le_foll_2024

Sources

  • mfte — Le Foll, Elen & Shakir, Muhammad (2023/2025) : Multi-Feature Tagger of English (MFTE) — Python version
  • pybiber — Brown, David West & Reinhart, Alex (2026) : pybiber — Python package for linguistic feature extraction and Multi-Dimensional Analysis
  • grieve_2023 — Grieve, Jack (2023) : Register variation explains stylometric authorship analysis

Notes

Some overlap with Biber’s “conjuncts” (D5) and “other adverbial subordinators” (D5).

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