MDNE YAML source
code: MDNE
biber_number: L53
xiao_number: B31
mfte_code: MDNE
bohmann_number:
- 19
- 20
name: Necessity modals
definition: >-
Modals expressing necessity/obligation: ought, should, must, have to, need to.
normalization: finite_verbs
detection:
- source: mfte
requires:
- lemma
- pos
cql: '[lemma={words} & pos="MD"]'
words:
- have
- must
- need
- ought
- should
- source: pybiber
requires:
- word
- pos
cql: '[word={words} & pos="MD"]'
words:
- must
- ought
- should
examples:
- text: You _must_ leave before dawn.
- text: They _should_ have listened to his warning.
- text: He _ought_ to have known better.
- text: You _have_ to understand the danger.
source: mfte
- text: I really _must_ go.
source: le_foll_2024
- text: Shouldn't you be going now?
source: le_foll_2024
- text: Everybody needed to be needed.
source: le_foll_2024
sources:
- biber_1988
- mfte
- pybiber
- xiao_2009
- grieve_2023
- bohmann_2019