MDSL Modal SHALL

Bohmann 22

Definition

Modal verb shall

Detection Rules

bohmann_2019

Word: shall

Requires: word

cql[word="shall" & pos="MD"]

Requires: word, pos

Normalization

Per words

Sources

  • bohmann_2019 — Bohmann, Axel (2019) : Variation in English Worldwide: Varieties and Genres in a Quantitative Perspective
  • grieve_2016 — Grieve, Jack (2016) : Regional Variation in Written American English
  • leech_2009 — Leech, Geoffrey; Hundt, Marianne; Mair, Christian; Smith, Nicholas (2009) : Change in Contemporary English — A Grammatical Study

Notes

Part of Biber’s prediction modals (f_54) but tracked individually here

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