NN Total other nouns

Definition

Residual noun count: all nouns (including proper nouns) minus nominalizations and gerunds. A marker of informational density.

Detection Rules

Uses cat refinement for NOMZ (refines: NN|NNS). GER is explicit exclusion because it matches VBG tokens (not NN) — conceptual subtraction, not index overlap.

cql[cat="NN|NNS|NNP|NNPS"]
combine: _ & !GER

Requires: pos

pybiber

All nouns (NOUN/PROPN coarse POS, no hyphens). pybiber uses coarse POS which excludes pronouns tagged NN (nothing, something, anyone, anything). Only NOUN-tagged gerunds are subtracted (not PROPN like “Building”).

cql[upos="NOUN|PROPN" & word!=".*-.*"]
ger_noun
cql[word=".*ings?$" & upos="NOUN" & dep="nsubj|dobj|pobj|nsubjpass" & word!={words_ger_stop}]
combine: _ & !NOMZ & !ger_noun
Words: ger_stop (55 items)
according anything beijing bing bings boeing bring ceiling ceilings cling clings darling ding dings during evening evenings everything fling flings inning innings irving king kings morning mornings nothing notwithstanding offspring offsprings outstanding ping pings ring rings sing sings something spring springs sterling sting stings string strings thanksgiving thanksgivings thing things wedding wing wings wrongdoing wyoming

Requires: word, pos, upos, dep

Normalization

Per words

Sources

  • biber_1988 — Biber, Douglas (1988) : Variation across Speech and Writing
  • mfte — Le Foll, Elen & Shakir, Muhammad (2023/2025) : Multi-Feature Tagger of English (MFTE) — Python version
  • pybiber — Brown, David West & Reinhart, Alex (2026) : pybiber — Python package for linguistic feature extraction and Multi-Dimensional Analysis
  • xiao_2009 — Xiao, Richard (2009) : Multidimensional analysis and the study of world Englishes

Notes

Strongest negative loading on D1. Biber’s f_16 “other nouns” is the residual after subtracting nominalizations (f_14) and gerunds (f_15). pybiber also excludes hyphenated tokens.