code: THSC
biber_number: H21
xiao_number: K91
mfte_code:
- THSC
- THSCother
name: That subordinate clauses
definition: >-
Subordinate clauses introduced by "that" (non-relative), as verb complements (e.g.,
"I know that he left").
normalization: finite_verbs
detection:
- requires:
- word
- pos
cql: '[word="that" & pos="IN"]'
refines: IN
description: That as subordinator (not demonstrative or relative). Refines IN.
- source: pybiber
requires:
- word
- pos
- upos
cql: '[upos="VERB"] [word="that" & upos="SCONJ"]'
description: >-
pybiber uses UPOS: preceding VERB + "that" as SCONJ. This is narrower
than using fine-grained IN because some "that"-IN tokens have UPOS=ADP
(not SCONJ).
examples:
- text: Did you know _that_ the calendar we use today was started by Julius Caesar?
source: le_foll_2024
- text: She resented being told constantly _that_ she was ignorant and stupid.
source: le_foll_2024
sources:
- biber_1988
- mfte
- pybiber
- xiao_2009