VBN YAML source

code: VBN
xiao_number: M97
mfte_code: VBN
name: Non-finite -ed forms (all)
definition: >-
  All past participle forms, including participial clauses and WHIZ
  deletions. This is the MFTE-level merged feature; Biber counted
  participial clauses ([[VBN_CLAUSE]]) and WHIZ deletions ([[WHIZBN]])
  separately.
normalization: words
children:
- VBN_CLAUSE
- WHIZBN
detection:
- source: mfte
  requires:
  - pos
  cql: '[cat="VBN"]'
  description: >-
    MFTE counts residual VBN after re-tagging passives (PASS) and
    perfect aspect (PEAS). Uses cat attribute so that tokens refined by
    PASS or PEAS (which declare refines: VBN) are automatically excluded.
- requires:
  - pos
  cql: '[pos="VBN"]'
  description: >-
    Matches all VBN tokens. Includes perfect aspect, passives,
    participial clauses, and WHIZ deletions.
sources:
- biber_1988
- mfte
- xiao_2009
- pybiber