XX0 YAML source
code: XX0
xiao_number: S129
mfte_code: XX0
name: Analytic negation
definition: >-
Negation using "not" or contracted "n't" (e.g., "he did not go", "she
can't see").
normalization: finite_verbs
parent: NEG_ALL
detection:
- requires:
- word
cql: '[word={words}]'
words:
- not
- n't
refines: RB
description: Default analytic negation rule. Refines RB.
- source: mfte
requires:
- word
cql: '[word={words}]'
words:
- not
- n't
refines: RB
- source: pybiber
requires:
- word
cql: '[word={words}]'
words:
- not
- n't
caveat: >-
Same em-dash blob artifact as [[CONT]]: pybiber's `n't_\S*` regex
matches inside garbled compound tokens (`seriousMightn't`,
`hemightn't`), overcounting by 2. Token-level pyclef=49 is correct;
pybiber=51 is a bug.
examples:
- text: Why do_n't_ you believe me?
source: le_foll_2024
- text: There is no way that's happening any time soon.
source: le_foll_2024
- text: Nor am I.
source: le_foll_2024
sources:
- biber_1988
- mfte
- pybiber
- xiao_2009
- grieve_2023
notes: >-
D1 loading .78 (involved). MFTE merges with synthetic negation ([[XXSYN]]).
Analytic negation is the dominant form in modern English.