XXSYN Synthetic negation
Xiao S130
child of NEG_ALL
Definition
Negation using “no”, “neither”, “nor” as determiners or conjunctions.
Parent
Detection Rules
pybiber
cql[word={words} & pos="DT|CC"]
Word list (3 items)
no
neither
nor
mfte
MFTE XX0 (line 363) tags “no” regardless of POS. Stanza sometimes tags adverbial “no” as RB (e.g., “no broader than”).
cql[word={words} & pos="DT|CC|RB"]
Word list (3 items)
no
neither
nor
Normalization
Per finite_verbs
Examples
no man could
neither Elf nor Man
nor any light
Sources
- biber_1988 — Biber, Douglas (1988) : Variation across Speech and Writing
- pybiber — Brown, David West & Reinhart, Alex (2026) : pybiber — Python package for linguistic feature extraction and Multi-Dimensional Analysis
- xiao_2009 — Xiao, Richard (2009) : Multidimensional analysis and the study of world Englishes
- grieve_2023 — Grieve, Jack (2023) : Register variation explains stylometric authorship analysis
Notes
D2 loading .40 (narrative). Loads on a different dimension than analytic negation (D1). More formal/archaic register marker.